It can be defined as infusion pump to all the devices that by means of a positive pressure help to administer drugs by parental or enteral way.
The apparatus used for infusion of intravenous drugs can be classified, depending on the type of force that drives the fluid, in controllers and pumps pumps can be classified according to the operating mechanism in peristaltic, Cassette, syringe and Elastometricas also according to their type of release the number of solutions that can release, depending on the therapeutic application, the place of use and according to the location of the patient.
It is called infusion pump to those appliances that thanks to the use of artificial energy are able to provide a positive pressure to the liquid to infuse the pumps provide greater accuracy and safety in the infusion of drugs that the methods Traditional control and flow controllers, They are capable of overcoming small occlusion pressures, they can overcome the resistance that oppose the infusion the antibacterial filters and the arterial lines and can infuse drugs with great precision at very low speeds.
PERISTALTIC INFUSION PUPM
In the case of peristaltic pumps The pressure is produced by a series of rollers or finger projections that intermittently press the infusion line so that the fluid is pushed through the tube.
If the rollers are around a rotating center axis is called rotary peristaltic pump
Whereas if the tube is pressed by a series of teeth in cyclic succession it is called linear peristaltic.
Peristaltic pumps are usually more precise than controllers but less than those called cassette or syringe because the pressures and the friction that is continually subjected to the line causes their deformation with and consequent increase of the Flexibility and tube light size most of these pumps have an accuracy of about 5-10%
Prototype Design
A prototype infusion pump was performed that must meet the following requirements:
Peristaltic (Rotator or linear)
Analog
Resolution
Precision
Materials used
Peristaltic Motor
The pump is basically a geared down DC motor, so it has a lot of torque. Inside the pump is a 'clover' pattern of rollers. As the motor turns, the clover presses on the tube to press the fluid though. The pump does not need to be primed and in fact can self-prime itself with water a half meter with ease. You can PWM the motor to speed up or slow down the flow rate and if you connect the motor the other way it will move fluid the other direction.
Technical details:
Uses approx 3/16" (4.8mm) inner diameter silicone tubing
Working Temperature: 0° - 40°
Motor voltage: 12VDC
Motor current: 300mA
Flow rate: up to 100 mL/min
Dimensions: 27mm diameter motor, 62mm total length
Mounting holes: 3mm diameter, 5mm center-to-center distance
Arduino Uno
The Arduino UNO is a widely used open-source microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P microcontroller and developed by Arduino.cc.The board is equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that may be interfaced to various expansion boards (shields) and other circuits.[1] The board features 14 Digital pins and 6 Analog pins. It is programmable with the Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) via a type B USB cable.[4] It can be powered by a USB cable or by an external 9 volt battery, though it accepts voltages between 7 and 20 volts.
Technical details:
Microcontroller: ATmega328P
Operating Voltage: 5v
Input Voltage: 7-20v
Digital I/O Pins: 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
Analog Input Pins: 6
DC Current per I/O Pin: 20 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA
Flash Memory: 32 KB of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
SRAM: 2 KB
EEPROM: 1 KB
The Buretrol
The Buretrol is an infusion kit used for dilutions and the calculation of the drug drip that is necessary in medicines that need precision when administered. Equipment Buretrol with 150cc capacity. Equipment for the volumetric administration of parenteral Burette solutions with air filter, injection point for intermittent infusion, sterilized with ethylene oxide. For single use only.
LCD
A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronically modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals. Liquid crystals do not emit light directly, instead using a backlight or reflector to produce images in colour or monochrome. LCDs are available to display arbitrary images (as in a general-purpose computer display) or fixed images with low information content, which can be displayed or hidden, such as preset words, digits, and 7-segment displays, as in a digital clock. They use the same basic technology, except that arbitrary images are made up of a large number of small pixels, while other displays have larger elements.
Keypad
A keypad is a set of buttons arranged in a block or "pad" which bear digits, symbols or alphabetical letters. Pads mostly containing numbers are called a numeric keypad. Numeric keypads are found on alphanumeric keyboards and on other devices which require mainly numeric input such as calculators, push-button telephones, vending machines, ATMs, Point of Sale devices, combination locks, and digital door locks. Many devices follow the E.161 standard for their arrangement.
Tip122
In electronics, the Darlington transistor (commonly called a Darlington pair) is a compound structure of a particular design made by two bipolar transistors connected in such a way that the current amplified by the first transistor is amplified further by the second one. This configuration gives a much higher current gain than each transistor taken separately.
Diode N4004
A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts current primarily in one direction (asymmetric conductance); it has low (ideally zero) resistance in one direction, and high (ideally infinite) resistance in the other. A semiconductor diode, the most common type today, is a crystalline piece of semiconductor material with a p–n junction connected to two electrical terminals.[5] A vacuum tube diode has two electrodes, a plate (anode) and a heated cathode. Semiconductor diodes were the first semiconductor electronic devices. The discovery of crystals' rectifying abilities was made by German physicist Ferdinand Braun in 1874. The first semiconductor diodes, called cat's whisker diodes, developed around 1906, were made of mineral crystals such as galena. Today, most diodes are made of silicon, but other materials such as selenium and germanium are sometimes used.
Procedure performed
A rotary peristaltic infusion pump was designed to build a structure that would allow the motor to remain still and the buretrol to remain fixed and visible in order to have a better precise
A power stage is designed for motor control with the help of the tip122 and a diode
Design
to make the design correctly it is necessary to characterize the motor, his defines the resolution of the motor
As you can see the characteristic curve of the motor behaves in a linear way, as it increases the PWM increases the volume
Once the characterization of the motor has been carried out the acquisition of data by means of the keyboard
The user enters time and volume so the flow is determined by their respective equation
The relation of volume time always must be fulfilled thus the motor works according to its resolution
For example: If the user enters a time of 2 minutes and a volume of 60ml the flow = 0.5, therefore the PWM to be fulfilled this relation must be 60%
The program should tell the user which is the flow according to the parameters entered
conclutions
Was characterised the engine to obtain the resolution maximum and minimum, where the following results were obtained
minimum= 5ml / 10 seg
maximum = 8ml/ 10seg
You design a to infusion pump peristaltica rotator form analoga, which allows the user to enter volume and time of administration of the fluid making the system more precise
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